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LAF (Location Adjustment Factors) coefficients, also known as reduction or localization coefficients, are used to achieve fair and precise billing of heating costs in multi-unit buildings. They specifically account for the unfavorable location of a given unit within the building structure, such as near gable walls or in the attic. They are applied by adjusting

The primary responsibilities of a property manager for a housing community are defined by the Act on the Ownership of Premises and the provisions of the management agreement. The manager plays a key role in administering the common property, ensuring its technical condition, safety, and the interests of the residents. The standard scope of duties

Managing the rental of a residential property can be demanding and time-consuming, which is why some owners choose to entrust these responsibilities to professional property management companies. This approach helps avoid many problems and ensures professional rental service. The standard scope of cooperation typically includes:

An energy performance certificate for a building or apartment is a document that specifies the amount of energy required to meet the energy needs associated with its use, including energy for heating, hot water, and air conditioning. The amendment to the Act of August 29, 2014, on the energy performance of buildings and the Building